Conclusion: Intra-tumoral injection of ultra-high concentrations of NO at 20,000 and 50,000 ppm gNO led to increased recruitment of lymphocytes and T cells, B cells, macrophages and dendrocytes to the primary tumor. Increased T cells and B cells were detected in the spleen and blood 21 days post NO treatment. Decreased pMDSCs were detected in the spleen 21 days post NO treatment. The data suggest that gNOinduced innate and adaptive immune cell populations, and the reduction of immune suppressor cells, are indicative of an anti-tumor immune response that underlies the rejection of secondary tumors in gNO-treated mice.
WatchConclusion: Exposure of human ovarian and pancreatic cancer cell lines and mouse lung, melanoma, colon and breast cancer cell lines to 10,000 ppm –100,000 ppm gNOresulted in a dose dependent cytotoxic response. Higher concentrations lead to near instant cell death. Lower concentrations require a longer exposure period to elicit cell death. No viable cells were detected after exposure to 50,000 ppm gaseous NO for 1 minute. Together with the known ability of NO to activate and recruit the immune system, these results suggest that gNOmay be a potent therapeutic agent for tumor treatment across a range of tumor types.
WatchConclusion: Gaseous nitric oxide (gNO) treatment results in dose- and time-dependent inhibition of lung cancer cell proliferation and reduced viability in vitro. Treatment of primary LLC1 lung tumors in mice with gNO at a dose of 50,000 ppm for 10 minutes results in no uptake of a challenge tumor implanted up to 14 days later. No unanticipated mortality or signs indicating distress were noted in the animals. These preliminary data suggest that our innovative gNO-based treatment may treat lung tumors locally and their distant metastases systemically, potentially via stimulation of an anti-tumor immune response.
View PublicationConclusion: Our data demonstrate the potential utility of gaseous nitric oxide (gNO) as a treatment for cancer. In the current work, gNO at high concentrations showed a significant cytotoxic effect on cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, our findings may indicate that tumor ablation with gNO stimulates an anti-tumor immune response.
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